{"id":10597,"date":"2025-07-11T13:39:39","date_gmt":"2025-07-11T13:39:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/?page_id=10597"},"modified":"2025-07-11T15:12:25","modified_gmt":"2025-07-11T15:12:25","slug":"10597-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center;\">PRAVNI ZAPISI \u2022 Year XVI \u2022 no. 1 \u2022 pp. 5\u201327<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>THE RULE OF LAW, THE SEPARATION OF POWERS, AND BIG TECH<\/b><\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10627\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10627\" style=\"width: 100px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/PZ-2025_01-01-Sahadzic.pdf\" data-wp-editing=\"1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10627 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pravni-zapisi-1-25-thumb.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10627\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Language:<br \/>English<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span class=\"s1\"><b>Maja Sahad\u017ei\u0107<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s1\"><b>Assistant Professor, Utrecht University, School of Law, Montaigne Centre for Rule of Law and Administration of Justice, and Netherlands Institute of Human Rights (SIM)<br \/>\n<\/b><\/span><b><\/b><b><span class=\"s2\">e-mail: <\/span><\/b><span class=\"s1\"><a href=\"mailto:m.sahadzic@uu.nl\">m.sahadzic@uu.nl<\/a><br \/>\n<b>ORCID ID: <\/b>0000-0002-0296-7210<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Pravni zapisi, No. 1\/2025, pp. 5-27<br \/>\nOriginal Scientific Article<br \/>\n<b>DOI:<\/b> 10.5937\/pravzap16-58402<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>KEY WORDS<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Rule of Law, Separation of Powers, Technology, Big Tech, Public and Private Power.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The growing influence of Big Tech, backed by technological advancement and platformization, poses significant challenges to traditional concepts of the rule of law and the separation of powers. By privately accumulating functions typically reserved for the state, Big Tech now assumes functions traditionally assigned to the state. In light of this, this paper explores the limitations imposed on the rule of law and the separation of powers. It first revisits the classical understanding of these constitutional principles and then assesses the contemporary challenges posed by Big Tech. The analysis then shifts to the rising private (technological) power of Big Tech as a fourth pillar in the separation of powers. Finally, the paper argues for cooperation and coordinated governance between the state and Big Tech, ultimately concluding with final insights on the adaptiveness of the traditional concepts of the rule of law and the separation of powers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PRAVNI ZAPISI \u2022 Year XVI \u2022 no. 1 \u2022 pp. 5\u201327 THE RULE OF LAW, THE SEPARATION OF POWERS, AND BIG TECH Maja Sahad\u017ei\u0107 Assistant Professor, Utrecht University, School of Law, Montaigne Centre for Rule of Law and Administration of Justice, and Netherlands Institute of Human Rights (SIM) e-mail: m.sahadzic@uu.nl ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0296-7210 Pravni zapisi, No. 1\/2025, pp. 5-27 Original Scientific Article DOI: 10.5937\/pravzap16-58402 KEY WORDS Rule of Law, Separation of Powers, Technology, Big Tech, Public and Private Power. ABSTRACT The growing influence of Big Tech, backed by technological advancement and platformization, poses significant challenges to traditional concepts of the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":10594,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-article.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10597","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>- Pravni Zapisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"- Pravni Zapisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PRAVNI ZAPISI \u2022 Year XVI \u2022 no. 1 \u2022 pp. 5\u201327 THE RULE OF LAW, THE SEPARATION OF POWERS, AND BIG TECH Maja Sahad\u017ei\u0107 Assistant Professor, Utrecht University, School of Law, Montaigne Centre for Rule of Law and Administration of Justice, and Netherlands Institute of Human Rights (SIM) e-mail: m.sahadzic@uu.nl ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0296-7210 Pravni zapisi, No. 1\/2025, pp. 5-27 Original Scientific Article DOI: 10.5937\/pravzap16-58402 KEY WORDS Rule of Law, Separation of Powers, Technology, Big Tech, Public and Private Power. ABSTRACT The growing influence of Big Tech, backed by technological advancement and platformization, poses significant challenges to traditional concepts of the [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pravni Zapisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-11T15:12:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pravni-zapisi-1-25-thumb.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/\",\"name\":\"- Pravni Zapisi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pravni-zapisi-1-25-thumb.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-11T13:39:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-11T15:12:25+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pravni-zapisi-1-25-thumb.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pravni-zapisi-1-25-thumb.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0430\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Pravni zapisi 1\/2025\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/\",\"name\":\"Pravni Zapisi\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Pravni Zapisi\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/cropped-Header-logo-srb-1-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/cropped-Header-logo-srb-1-1.jpg\",\"width\":580,\"height\":80,\"caption\":\"Pravni Zapisi\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pravnizapisi.rs\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"- Pravni Zapisi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.pravnizapisi.rs\/en\/pravni-zapisi-1-2025\/10597-2\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"- Pravni Zapisi","og_description":"PRAVNI ZAPISI \u2022 Year XVI \u2022 no. 1 \u2022 pp. 5\u201327 THE RULE OF LAW, THE SEPARATION OF POWERS, AND BIG TECH Maja Sahad\u017ei\u0107 Assistant Professor, Utrecht University, School of Law, Montaigne Centre for Rule of Law and Administration of Justice, and Netherlands Institute of Human Rights (SIM) e-mail: m.sahadzic@uu.nl ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0296-7210 Pravni zapisi, No. 1\/2025, pp. 5-27 Original Scientific Article DOI: 10.5937\/pravzap16-58402 KEY WORDS Rule of Law, Separation of Powers, Technology, Big Tech, Public and Private Power. 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